Description

AOD9604 Peptide for Advanced Metabolic and Cellular Signaling Research

AOD9604 Peptide is a modified analog of the C-terminal region of human growth hormone corresponding to amino acid residues 177–191, incorporating an N-terminal tyrosine residue and an intramolecular disulfide bond that enhances structural stability. This engineered peptide was developed to facilitate investigations into metabolic signaling pathways independent of the classical anabolic actions associated with full-length growth hormone.

Scientific literature has established AOD9604 as an important research tool for studying adipocyte metabolism, intracellular lipid signaling, mitochondrial bioenergetics, fatty acid oxidation, and peptide-mediated regulation of metabolic homeostasis. Researchers continue to investigate its interactions with β-adrenergic signaling pathways, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), transcriptional regulators, and enzymes involved in cellular lipid metabolism.

Beyond metabolic research, AOD9604 has been incorporated into laboratory investigations examining extracellular matrix biology, chondrocyte physiology, osteoblast signaling, peptide pharmacology, and molecular mechanisms involved in cellular adaptation. Its defined peptide sequence and reproducible physicochemical characteristics make it valuable across biotechnology companies, pharmaceutical laboratories, universities, and life science research institutions.

Every batch is synthesized under stringent quality-controlled manufacturing procedures, analytically verified for purity and sequence identity, and supplied as a stable lyophilized peptide with a comprehensive Certificate of Analysis to ensure consistent laboratory performance.

For research use only. Not intended for human consumption or clinical use.

Key Research Highlights

• Synthetic 16-amino-acid analog derived from the C-terminal region of human growth hormone
• Contains an N-terminal tyrosine residue and intramolecular disulfide cyclization
• Extensively investigated in adipocyte biology and lipid metabolism research
• Frequently utilized in fatty acid oxidation and mitochondrial studies
• Evaluated in AMPK-mediated metabolic signaling investigations
• Studied in cartilage biology and extracellular matrix research
• Applied in peptide pharmacology and molecular endocrinology
• High-purity lyophilized peptide suitable for laboratory applications
• Certificate of Analysis (COA) included with every batch
• Manufactured under stringent analytical quality standards
• Excellent batch-to-batch reproducibility
• Suitable for biotechnology, pharmaceutical, and academic research laboratories

Why Researchers Choose This Product

• ≥99% research-grade purity verified through analytical testing
• Verified cyclized peptide sequence with enhanced structural stability
• Stable lyophilized formulation for long-term laboratory storage
• Comprehensive Certificate of Analysis supplied
• Reliable reproducibility across experimental studies
• Suitable for metabolic biology and peptide pharmacology research
• Manufactured using rigorous peptide synthesis protocols
• Excellent analytical consistency between production batches
• Available in multiple laboratory quantities
• Intended exclusively for scientific laboratory investigations

Research Applications

Adipocyte Biology Research

AOD9604 Peptide is widely utilized in laboratory investigations examining adipocyte physiology, intracellular lipid metabolism, fatty acid mobilization, and metabolic regulation.

Metabolic Signaling Studies

Researchers employ AOD9604 to investigate β-adrenergic signaling, AMPK activation, cellular energy homeostasis, and transcriptional regulation associated with metabolic adaptation.

Mitochondrial Biology

Experimental models utilize AOD9604 to examine mitochondrial respiration, oxidative phosphorylation, fatty acid oxidation, ATP generation, and bioenergetic regulation.

Cartilage and Connective Tissue Research

Scientists investigate AOD9604 in studies involving chondrocyte biology, extracellular matrix remodeling, osteoblast signaling, and connective tissue cellular pathways.

Cellular Signal Transduction

Laboratory studies incorporate AOD9604 to evaluate intracellular signaling networks including MAPK/ERK, PI3K/Akt, protein kinase pathways, and metabolic transcription factors.

Peptide Pharmacology

Researchers utilize AOD9604 to investigate peptide stability, structure-function relationships, receptor-independent signaling, formulation development, and analytical characterization.

Product Specifications

*Values may vary slightly depending on salt form (e.g., acetate).

Mechanism of Action

AOD9604 Peptide is a synthetic analog derived from amino acids 177–191 of human growth hormone that incorporates an N-terminal tyrosine residue and an intramolecular disulfide bridge to enhance conformational stability. Unlike full-length human growth hormone, AOD9604 has been engineered to investigate metabolic signaling mechanisms while minimizing activation of classical growth hormone receptor-mediated anabolic pathways in laboratory models.

Published research suggests that AOD9604 influences intracellular metabolic regulation through interactions with β₃-adrenergic signaling and downstream pathways involved in adipocyte lipid metabolism. Experimental investigations indicate that activation of β-adrenergic signaling may increase intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) concentrations, resulting in activation of protein kinase A (PKA) and phosphorylation of enzymes associated with lipid mobilization. Researchers continue to examine these signaling events using cellular and preclinical experimental systems.

A major focus of laboratory investigation involves activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a central regulator of cellular energy homeostasis. AMPK activation coordinates multiple downstream processes, including fatty acid oxidation, mitochondrial respiration, glucose utilization, and regulation of metabolic enzymes such as acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC). Scientists also evaluate interactions with transcriptional regulators including PGC-1α, which governs mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative metabolism.

Additional studies investigate AOD9604’s influence on adipocyte differentiation, intracellular lipid handling, mitochondrial membrane function, reactive oxygen species regulation, and metabolic transcription networks. Researchers employ transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic approaches to characterize these molecular responses under controlled laboratory conditions.

Beyond metabolic investigations, AOD9604 has also been incorporated into experimental studies involving chondrocyte biology, extracellular matrix remodeling, osteoblast signaling, and connective tissue cellular mechanisms. Although these pathways continue to be actively investigated, current research remains focused on elucidating molecular mechanisms rather than establishing clinical applications.

Because of its well-defined peptide sequence, cyclized structural stability, and reproducible biochemical characteristics, AOD9604 Peptide remains an important research reagent in molecular endocrinology, metabolic biology, peptide pharmacology, mitochondrial physiology, and biotechnology laboratories investigating cellular energy regulation and peptide-mediated signaling.

For research use only. Not intended for human consumption or clinical use.